Expressionism1913

Composition VII

Wassily Kandinsky

Curator's Eye

"Painted in just four days following months of preparation, this work merges apocalyptic and redemptive themes in an unprecedented swirl of forms and colors."

Widely regarded as Kandinsky's supreme masterpiece, this canvas is a monumental visual symphony where pure abstraction reaches its vibratory peak.

Analysis
Composition VII is often described as the most complex work of the early 20th century. Kandinsky abandons all direct figurative references to explore the spiritual power of pure form. To understand this canvas, one must delve into the themes that haunted the artist at the time: the Deluge, the Resurrection, the Last Judgment, and the Garden of Eden. Although these motifs have become nearly illegible, they constitute the emotional backbone of the work, transforming apparent chaos into a rigorous metaphysical structure. The artist viewed painting as a form of visual music. Here, every color corresponds to a sound, and every line to a psychological force. Expert analysis reveals that Kandinsky did not seek to paint an "object" but to provoke an "inner vibration" in the viewer. This canvas marks the moment when Western art definitively shifts into lyrical abstraction, liberating color from its descriptive function to give it total autonomy. The underlying myth is that of creative destruction. Kandinsky believed the material world had to be destroyed to make way for the reign of spirituality. This canvas is the representation of that necessary cataclysm. The forms that seem to collide are actually cosmic forces in flux. The viewer is invited not just to look at the canvas but to "enter" it, to be submerged by this flow of energy that knows no top or bottom. Finally, the work bears witness to the artist's theory of synesthesia. Kandinsky "heard" colors. Red was the sound of a trumpet, blue that of a cello. In Composition VII, we face a full orchestra. The density of the pictorial layers and the overlapping of motifs create a spatial depth that defies traditional perspective, opening a window onto a purely spiritual dimension.
The Secret
One of the most fascinating secrets of this work lies in its prodigious execution. Kandinsky spent over six months creating more than 30 sketches, watercolors, and oil studies. Yet, the final, immense canvas (2 x 3 meters) was painted in just four days, from November 25 to 28, 1913. This speed was not improvisation but a near-ritual performance, captured in photographs by his partner Gabriele Münter. The painting contains remnants of Russian religious themes that Kandinsky progressively "dissolved." If one looks closely at certain preparatory sketches, one can identify the silhouette of a boat with oars (the Deluge) or an angel sounding a trumpet (the Last Judgment). In the final version, these elements were reduced to glyphs, shorthand signs that retain the emotional charge of the myth without imposing the image. Another secret concerns the chromatic palette. Kandinsky used specific pigments to create temperature contrasts (warm/cold) intended to manipulate spatial perception. The center of the canvas seems to advance toward the viewer while the edges seem to retreat. This pictorial breathing movement is the result of a scientific study on the psychological impact of colors, a field Kandinsky theorized in "Concerning the Spiritual in Art." Finally, Composition VII miraculously survived the turbulence of Russian history. Long hidden or misunderstood by the Soviet regime, which favored Socialist Realism, the work remained a sort of "esoteric monolith" in museum storage before being recognized as the pinnacle of modern art. It remains a challenge for restorers today due to the complexity of the binder mixtures used by Kandinsky.

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Quiz

What major biblical themes are hidden behind the abstract forms of this painting?

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Institution

Galerie Tretiakov

Location

Moscou, Russia